Main pump

In many mechanical equipment, the main pump plays a vital role. For example, in a hydraulic system, the main pump is a key component that provides the main power source.

First, functional characteristics

1. Power output: The main pump converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy, and provides high-pressure oil for the actuators in the system (such as hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic motors) to achieve various actions and functions.

2. Flow regulation: The output flow can be adjusted according to the needs of the system to meet the working requirements under different working conditions. For example, in excavator operations, the main pump can adjust the flow rate according to the needs of digging strength and speed.

3. Pressure control: Maintain the working pressure of the system to be stable and ensure the normal operation of the equipment. When the system load changes, the main pump can adapt to the pressure change by adjusting the displacement, etc.

Second. Common types

1. Gear pump: simple structure and low cost, but the pressure and flow rate are relatively small. It is suitable for some systems that do not require high pressure and flow.

2. Piston pump: It has the characteristics of high pressure, large flow and high efficiency, and is widely used in various industrial fields. It can be divided into axial piston pump and radial piston pump.

3. Vane pump: the output flow rate is relatively uniform, and the noise is low. However, compared to piston pumps, the pressure and flow range is relatively small.

Third, the key points of maintenance

1. Keep it clean: Prevent impurities from entering the main pump, and change the hydraulic oil and filter regularly to ensure the cleanliness of the oil.

2. Check the seal: Regularly check the seals of the main pump, and replace them in time if leakage is found to prevent oil leakage from affecting the performance of the system.

3. Monitor the operation status: pay attention to the pressure, flow, temperature and other parameters of the main pump, and stop the machine for inspection in time if there is any abnormality, find out the problem and carry out maintenance.

4. Correct operation: The operator should use the main pump correctly in accordance with the equipment operation procedures to avoid improper operation such as overload and overspeed, and prolong the service life of the main pump.

Here's how to judge whether the main pump is good or bad:

First. Observe the appearance

1. Check the surface of the main pump for obvious damage, cracks or oil leaks. If there is an oil leak, it is possible that the seal has failed or been improperly installed.

2. Check whether the connecting pipes and joints are firm, and whether there is any looseness or leakage, which may affect the working performance of the main pump.

Second. Listen to the sound

 1. The sound of the main pump in normal operation is relatively stable and uniform. If you hear unusual noises, such as crashes, friction sounds, or high-pitched whistling sounds, it is possible that internal parts are worn, damaged, or foreign objects have entered.

2. Excessive noise may also be caused by the vibration caused by the unstable installation of the main pump.

Third. Check the pressure

 1. Measure the system pressure using a pressure measuring instrument connected to the output of the main pump. If the pressure is lower than the normal range, it is possible that the output capacity of the main pump has decreased, which may be due to internal wear, seal failure, or failure of the variable mechanism.

2. Large pressure fluctuations may be due to the unstable operation of the main pump, air mixed in the hydraulic oil, damaged parts, or problems in the control circuit.

Fourth, observe the flow

 1. Check the operating speed of the actuators (such as hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic motors) driven by the main pump. If the action is slow, it may be that the output flow of the main pump is insufficient.

2. The actual output flow rate of the main pump can be measured by the flow meter, and the flow performance of the main pump can be judged by comparing it with the rated flow rate.

Fifth. Check the temperature

1. Measure the casing temperature of the main pump with a thermometer. If the temperature is too high, it may be that there is too much friction inside the main pump, the viscosity of the oil is not suitable, or the heat dissipation is poor.

2. Overheating may lead to problems such as accelerated aging of seals and deformation of parts of the main pump, which will affect the service life of the main pump.

Sixth. Check the oil

1. Observe the color and cleanliness of the hydraulic fluid. If the oil turns black, cloudy, or has impurities, it is possible that metal particles from the wear inside the main pump have been mixed into the oil.

2. Regularly test the viscosity, acid value and other indicators of hydraulic oil, and the oil that does not meet the requirements will affect the performance and life of the main pump.

Main parts of a pump

Mains water pump