Troubleshooting Four Types of Hydraulic Motor Failures

Hydraulic Motor is a device that converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, widely used in various industrial equipment. However, during use, the hydraulic motor may encounter some common faults, such as weak rotation, leakage, crawling, and rotor seizure. This article will discuss these faults in detail and their troubleshooting methods to help users better maintain and use the hydraulic motor.

Weak rotation: Hydraulic Motor common issue

Weak rotation is a common fault in the hydraulic motor, primarily caused by insufficient output pressure and flow from the main pump, or increased clearance between internal components of the hydraulic motor. These issues result in decreased working efficiency of the hydraulic motor, thereby affecting the normal operation of the equipment.

The inspection and troubleshooting methods include the following steps:

• Pressure test: Ensure the main circuit safety valve, overload valve, and other accessories are intact. Block the oil inlet pipe and the motor interface, and measure the maximum pressure of the oil supply circuit. Then, connect the motor pipeline and measure the pressure under load. Compare the measured values with technical requirements to identify the fault location.

• Synchronized test: Since insufficient flow or low pressure of the hydraulic pump will reduce the output power of the hyd motor, it is necessary to measure the flow and pressure simultaneously to determine the root cause of the problem.

• Clearance check: Inspect whether the clearance between the distribution shaft and the rotor hole is within the allowable range. If the clearance is out of standard, such as the clearance between the distribution shaft and the rotor hole exceeding 0.6mm, or the distribution hole in the rotor has grooves along the circumferential direction, it will cause weak rotation of the hyd motor. Additionally, check the support bearing clearance of the inclined plate axial piston motor to ensure it is within the allowable value.

Leakage: Hydraulic Motor sealing problem troubleshooting

Hydraulic motor leakage problem may be caused by wear of the distribution plate, poor sealing between the plunger hole and the plunger, etc. Leakage not only results in insufficient oil intake for the hyd motor but may also cause unstable speed, vibration, and even abnormal shutdown of the equipment.

Inspection and solutions are as follows:

• Surface inspection: Inspect whether there are scratches on the inner surface of the distribution shaft or cylinder hole. If necessary, clean or replace damaged parts.

• Clearance adjustment: Check the fitting surface between the plunger and the plunger hole. If there are scratches or grooves, it is necessary to grind or polish them to restore their sealing performance. Additionally, ensure that the clearance of the fitting surface does not exceed 8% of the plunger diameter.

• Leakage detection: Measure the casing leakage of the hyd motor leakage pipe during idle and load operation to determine the extent of the leakage. If the leakage amount exceeds the standard, further inspection and repair are required.

Crawling:Hydraulic Motor unstable operation reasons

Hydraulic motor crawling phenomenon is often due to unstable leakage, damaged support frame, bearing positioning changes, or component wear. This issue not only affects work efficiency but also causes instability in equipment operation.

Inspection and solutions include:

• Cleaning and replacement: Clean or replace the distribution shaft or cylinder. If the motor support frame is damaged or the bearing positioning changes, replace and readjust them in a timely manner.

• Distribution shaft adjustment: If the distribution is inaccurate due to the misalignment of the distribution shaft and the guide rail cam surface, perform a no-load test run and adjust the relative position of the distribution shaft and the guide rail cam surface until the phenomenon disappears.

Rotor seizure:Hydraulic Motor unable to operate normally causes

Rotor seizure is a serious fault in the hydraulic motor, possibly caused by increased clearance between the plunger and the plunger hole, the rotor hole and the distribution shaft, or metal shavings in the oil entering the motor. At this time, the hydraulic motor may not operate at all and requires a comprehensive inspection and repair.

Solutions are as follows:

• Disassembly and cleaning: Disassemble the hyd motor, clean all parts, and replace damaged components to ensure the proper fitting clearance between the distribution pair and the plunger pair.

• Replace the oil: Replace the oil if necessary to prevent impurities from re-entering the hydraulic motor, causing similar problems to recur.

Through the above methods, users can effectively troubleshoot and solve common faults in the hydraulic motor, ensuring the normal operation of the equipment and extending its lifespan. In actual operations, regular maintenance and inspection are key to preventing hydraulic motor faults.